Estudo das práticas de obtenção, coleta e disposição dos óleos lubrificantes no Exército Brasileiro

Abstract

The public procurement represents a substantial portion of a country’s revenue insomuch as their use may influence the market to modify its standards of production and consumption. One of these influences is the establishment of environmental protection values for the entire lifecycle of products purchased. As such, this present work aims to diagnose used or contaminated lube oil management within the Brazilian Army, and to consider how to undertake the reverse logistics of this waste, while also measuring environmental and economic impacts. Through research into the army’s accounting systems and the inventory, the importance of lubricating oil with relation to the resources used by the army was established. Data on the practice adopted by the Army for the acquisition, distribution and disposal of lube oil was also gathered by analysing the tender edicts, checking internal reports, and by applying two questionnaires. The costs for the disposal of used or contaminated lubricating oil and the commercial price of this waste were also obtained in accordance with the regulatory methodology in order to check market prices. This information was investigated using exploratory analysis, the use of descriptive statistic calculations and the analysis of variance using the ANOVA table. Thus, it was found that lubricating oil is an important item for the military logistics system in that in 64% of the Army’s tenders for the purchase of this product promote sustainable procurement practices, while 74% of the units send the oil residues for re-refining, which is the only practical disposal established by Brazilian law. In an economic context, the main results showed that the reverse logistics requirement raises the cost of oil acquisition by 5.53% and the price of used or contaminated lubricating oil paid for by collecting companies is influenced by the volume being disposed of. As such, it was concluded that the point of greatest environmental efficiency occurs when 100% of the used or contaminated lubricating oil generated is sent for re-refining. In this context, the point of greatest economic viability occurs when the oil is purchased without the requirement of reverse logistics being directly from the retailer, and when the waste is centralized to be sold to the re-refining industry.